The Test of Written Language – Fourth Edition (TOWL-4; Hammill & Larsen, 2009) is a norm-referenced test of written composition for students aged 9 to 17 years, 11 months. It can be administered individually or in a group. The TOWL-4 can help identify students in need of specialized support and document progress in a writing program.
The TOWL-4 yields composite for Overall Writing, Contrived Writing, and Spontaneous Writing. There are seven subtests on the TOWL-4 that measure a student’s writing competence through both contrived tasks (e.g., spelling, punctuation, word usage) and spontaneous writing. The TOWL-4 includes the following subtests: Vocabulary, Spelling, Punctuation, Logical Sentences, Sentence Combining, Contextual Conventions, and Story Composition.
Summary
Age: 9 years 0 months to 17 years 11 months
Time to Administer: 60-90 minutes
Method of Administration: Individually- or group-administered, norm-referenced measure of written expression skills.
Yields standard scores (M = 100, SD = 15), percentile ranks, composite scores.
Subscales: Composite Scores: Overall Writing, Contrived Writing, Spontaneous Writing
Subtests: Vocabulary, Spelling, Punctuation, Logical Sentences, Sentence Combining, Contextual Conventions, and Story Composition
Autism Related Research
None found.